1. States Parties recognize the right of every child accused, accused or recognized as a violation of criminal law to be treated in a manner consistent with the promotion of his or her sense of dignity and worth by strengthening respect by the child for the human rights and fundamental freedoms of others, taking into account his or her age and desire: promote the reintegration of the child and the child`s constructive role in society. However, the basis for decisive and concerted action must be legislation that makes the complete elimination of child labour the main objective of the policy and takes measures to that end, and that explicitly identifies and prohibits the elimination of the worst forms of child labour as a priority. Article 19 of the American Convention on Human Rights states: “Every minor child entitled to protection: “Every minor child has the right to the protection that his or her status as a minor requires of his or her family, society and the State.” Article 23(3) provides that `assistance shall be provided free of charge whenever possible, taking into account the financial resources of the parents or other persons caring for the child. Assistance shall be designed in such a way as to ensure that the disabled child has effective access to education, training, health services, care services, rehabilitation services, preparation for employment and leisure opportunities and to benefit from them in a manner conducive to the greatest social integration and individual development, including its cultural and intellectual development. » 2. Such protective measures should include, where appropriate, effective procedures for the establishment of social programmes to provide the necessary support to the child and his or her guardians, as well as for other forms of prevention, and for the identification, reporting, referral, investigation, treatment and follow-up of the cases of child abuse described above; and, where appropriate, the involvement of the judiciary. 1. States Parties shall take measures to combat the wrongful abduction and non-return of children abroad. Since then, the United Nations has adopted numerous legally binding international human rights treaties, including the Convention on the Rights of the Child. These treaties provide a framework for the discussion and implementation of human rights.
The principles and rights they set forth become legal obligations for States that choose to be bound by them. The framework also establishes legal and other mechanisms to hold Governments accountable for human rights violations. The majority of countries have adopted laws prohibiting or severely restricting child employment and labour, many of which are encouraged and guided by standards adopted by the International Labour Organization (ILO). Despite these efforts, child labour continues to exist on a large scale, sometimes in appalling conditions, particularly in developing countries. Progress is slow or seemingly non-existent because child labour is an extremely complex issue. It cannot be made to disappear with the stroke of a pen. 2. States Parties shall ensure the realization of these rights in accordance with their domestic law and their obligations under relevant international instruments in this field, in particular where the child would otherwise be stateless. The instruments of the international human rights framework are the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the nine core human rights instruments: 2.
States Parties shall take all appropriate measures to ensure that the child is subjected to any form of discrimination or punishment based on the situation, activities, opinions expressed or beliefs of his or her parents. Guardians or family members. (c) Exploitation of children in pornographic performances and materials. (c) To promote the production and distribution of children`s books; 1. All measures concerning children, whether taken by public or private social welfare institutions, courts, administrative authorities or legislative bodies, must give priority to the best interests of the child. International – applies to both children and adults: • International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR) (1966) • United Nations Minimum Principles on Non-Freedom (“Tokyo Rules”) (1990) • Set of Minimum Requirements for the Treatment of Prisoners (1955) • Policy on the Protection of All Persons under Any Form of Imprisonment or Imprisonment (1988) • Guidelines on the Role of Prosecutors (1990) Regional – specific for Children: • [Organization of African Unity] African Charter on the Rights and Welfare of the Child (ACRWC) (1990) Regional – applies to both children and adults: • [OAS] American Convention on Human Rights (1978) • Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms [Council of Europe] (1950 / amended by Protocol No.
